Types of ADHD Medications
Medications for ADHD can ease symptoms by helping neurons pass messages more efficiently. Certain types of medication boost neurotransmitters, while others slow down the process of reuptake.
Stimulants
The majority of stimulants used to treat ADHD are methylphenidates (including Ritalin) or amphetamines. They can begin working within 20 minutes and last for up to four hours. They are available in pill patches, liquid, or pill form.
Stimulants
Stimulants are the most commonly used type of prescription medications healthcare professionals employ to treat ADHD. on the main page function by increasing the levels of certain chemicals (neurotransmitters) in the brain. These neurotransmitters help people focus, think and control emotions. When those with ADHD are prescribed stimulant medications they typically notice that their symptoms are less severe. It could take some time for the doctor and patient to find the right medication for each individual.
Stimulant medicines can be taken in pill or liquid form. They are usually taken twice or three times every day. Some are immediate-release, meaning they begin working right away. Others are extended-release, which means that they function for a longer time. The majority of stimulants doctors prescribe for ADHD are part of the family of methylphenidate. The most frequently prescribed methylphenidate is Adderall. Other brand names include Concerta, Ritalin and Focalin.
Amphetamines are sometimes also used to treat ADHD however they have a more amplifying effect than the methylphenidates. In the past these drugs were abused primarily by truck drivers, athletes and students as they kept them awake and alert. Amphetamines are also known to reduce appetite and raise heart rate and blood pressure. Certain doctors will only prescribe this medication group to children who have severe symptoms who do not respond well to other treatments.
Atomoxetine is another medicine that has been shown to be effective in treating ADHD. It works by preventing the reuptakes of noradrenaline, a chemical which aids in the transmission of messages between neurons. Atomoxetine can be given to teens, adults, and children older than 5 years old, if methylphenidate or Lisdexamfetamine are not available. It's available as an immediate release tablet or controlled-release capsule that can be taken once or twice daily.
The side effects of stimulant medication may include upset stomach, changes in heart rate or blood pressure, and tics. Tics are sudden, frequent motions or sounds that mimic eye blinks or throat clearing. The majority of people who take stimulants don't develop tics. However certain teenagers and children who use these medications do. Other side effects of stimulant drugs include headaches, nausea and difficulty sleeping.
The medication is only one element of the treatment plan for ADHD. Other treatments include psychotherapy behavior therapy, skill training and lifestyle adjustments. Medications may be combined with other treatment methods to provide the most benefit for people suffering from ADHD.
Treatment for ADHD continues into adulthood. Many people suffering from the disorder continue to need medication, behavioral therapy or skills training as they grow older.
The National Resource Center for ADHD offers information and resources.
The FDA suggests that health professionals closely monitor patients who are taking ADHD medication. This is to ensure the proper dosage is administered, and that the medication has a positive impact on the person's symptoms. This includes regular visits with the doctor to assess for any adverse reactions or other health issues. During these appointments, a doctor will ask about other medications the patient is taking, which includes prescription and nonprescription medications as well as over-the counter medicines and supplements, as well as herbal remedies.